Two Live Attenuated Vaccines against Recent Low–and Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Influenza Viruses Are Safe and Immunogenic in Ferrets
Identifieur interne : 000142 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000141; suivant : 000143Two Live Attenuated Vaccines against Recent Low–and Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Influenza Viruses Are Safe and Immunogenic in Ferrets
Auteurs : Larisa Rudenko ; Irina Kiseleva ; Elena Krutikova ; Ekaterina Stepanova ; Irina Isakova-Sivak ; Svetlana Donina ; Andrey Rekstin ; Maria Pisareva ; Ekaterina Bazhenova ; Tatiana Kotomina ; Anastasia Katelnikova ; Arman Muzhikyan ; Valery Makarov ; Erin Grace Sparrow ; Guido TorelliSource :
- Vaccines [ 2076-393X ] ; 2018.
Abstract
Influenza H7N9 virus is a potentially pandemic subtype to which most people are immunologically naïve. To be better prepared for the potential occurrence of an H7N9 pandemic, in 2017 the World Health Organization recommended developing candidate vaccine viruses from two new H7N9 viruses, A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (A/GD) and A/Hong Kong/125/2017 (A/HK). This report describes the development of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) candidates against A/GD and A/HK viruses and study of their safety and immunogenicity in the ferret model in order to choose the most promising one for a phase I clinical trial. The A/HK-based vaccine candidate (A/17/HK) was developed by classical reassortment in eggs. The A/GD-based vaccine candidate (A/17/GD) was generated by reverse genetics. Ferrets were vaccinated with two doses of LAIV or phosphate-buffered saline. Both H7N9 LAIVs tested were safe for ferrets, as shown by absence of clinical signs, and by virological and histological data; they were immunogenic after a single vaccination. These results provide a compelling argument for further testing of these vaccines in volunteers. Since the A/HK virus represents the cluster that has caused the majority of human cases, and because the A/HK-based LAIV candidate was developed by classical reassortment, this is the preferred candidate for a phase I clinical trial.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6040074
PubMed: 30388790
PubMed Central: 6313887
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Two Live Attenuated Vaccines against Recent Low–and Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Influenza Viruses Are Safe and Immunogenic in Ferrets</title><author><name sortKey="Rudenko, Larisa" sort="Rudenko, Larisa" uniqKey="Rudenko L" first="Larisa" last="Rudenko">Larisa Rudenko</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiseleva, Irina" sort="Kiseleva, Irina" uniqKey="Kiseleva I" first="Irina" last="Kiseleva">Irina Kiseleva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Krutikova, Elena" sort="Krutikova, Elena" uniqKey="Krutikova E" first="Elena" last="Krutikova">Elena Krutikova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stepanova, Ekaterina" sort="Stepanova, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Stepanova E" first="Ekaterina" last="Stepanova">Ekaterina Stepanova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Isakova Sivak, Irina" sort="Isakova Sivak, Irina" uniqKey="Isakova Sivak I" first="Irina" last="Isakova-Sivak">Irina Isakova-Sivak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donina, Svetlana" sort="Donina, Svetlana" uniqKey="Donina S" first="Svetlana" last="Donina">Svetlana Donina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rekstin, Andrey" sort="Rekstin, Andrey" uniqKey="Rekstin A" first="Andrey" last="Rekstin">Andrey Rekstin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pisareva, Maria" sort="Pisareva, Maria" uniqKey="Pisareva M" first="Maria" last="Pisareva">Maria Pisareva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bazhenova, Ekaterina" sort="Bazhenova, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Bazhenova E" first="Ekaterina" last="Bazhenova">Ekaterina Bazhenova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kotomina, Tatiana" sort="Kotomina, Tatiana" uniqKey="Kotomina T" first="Tatiana" last="Kotomina">Tatiana Kotomina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katelnikova, Anastasia" sort="Katelnikova, Anastasia" uniqKey="Katelnikova A" first="Anastasia" last="Katelnikova">Anastasia Katelnikova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muzhikyan, Arman" sort="Muzhikyan, Arman" uniqKey="Muzhikyan A" first="Arman" last="Muzhikyan">Arman Muzhikyan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makarov, Valery" sort="Makarov, Valery" uniqKey="Makarov V" first="Valery" last="Makarov">Valery Makarov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sparrow, Erin Grace" sort="Sparrow, Erin Grace" uniqKey="Sparrow E" first="Erin Grace" last="Sparrow">Erin Grace Sparrow</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-vaccines-06-00074">World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;<email>sparrowe@who.int</email> (E.G.S.);<email>torellig@who.int</email> (G.T.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torelli, Guido" sort="Torelli, Guido" uniqKey="Torelli G" first="Guido" last="Torelli">Guido Torelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-vaccines-06-00074">World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;<email>sparrowe@who.int</email> (E.G.S.);<email>torellig@who.int</email> (G.T.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30388790</idno><idno type="pmc">6313887</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6313887</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6313887</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/vaccines6040074</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C32</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000C32</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000C32</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000C32</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000097</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" 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(I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiseleva, Irina" sort="Kiseleva, Irina" uniqKey="Kiseleva I" first="Irina" last="Kiseleva">Irina Kiseleva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Krutikova, Elena" sort="Krutikova, Elena" uniqKey="Krutikova E" first="Elena" last="Krutikova">Elena Krutikova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stepanova, Ekaterina" sort="Stepanova, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Stepanova E" first="Ekaterina" last="Stepanova">Ekaterina Stepanova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Isakova Sivak, Irina" sort="Isakova Sivak, Irina" uniqKey="Isakova Sivak I" first="Irina" last="Isakova-Sivak">Irina Isakova-Sivak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donina, Svetlana" sort="Donina, Svetlana" uniqKey="Donina S" first="Svetlana" last="Donina">Svetlana Donina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rekstin, Andrey" sort="Rekstin, Andrey" uniqKey="Rekstin A" first="Andrey" last="Rekstin">Andrey Rekstin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pisareva, Maria" sort="Pisareva, Maria" uniqKey="Pisareva M" first="Maria" last="Pisareva">Maria Pisareva</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bazhenova, Ekaterina" sort="Bazhenova, Ekaterina" uniqKey="Bazhenova E" first="Ekaterina" last="Bazhenova">Ekaterina Bazhenova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kotomina, Tatiana" sort="Kotomina, Tatiana" uniqKey="Kotomina T" first="Tatiana" last="Kotomina">Tatiana Kotomina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia;<email>vaccine@mail.ru</email> (L.R.);<email>irina.v.kiseleva@mail.ru</email> (I.K.);<email>krutikova.iem@mail.ru</email> (E.K.);<email>isakova.sivak@gmail.com</email> (I.I.-S.);<email>sveta.donina@gmail.com</email> (S.D.);<email>arekstin@yandex.ru</email> (A.R.);<email>maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru</email> (M.P.);<email>sonya.01.08@mail.ru</email> (E.B.);<email>tstretiak@gmail.com</email> (T.K.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katelnikova, Anastasia" sort="Katelnikova, Anastasia" uniqKey="Katelnikova A" first="Anastasia" last="Katelnikova">Anastasia Katelnikova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muzhikyan, Arman" sort="Muzhikyan, Arman" uniqKey="Muzhikyan A" first="Arman" last="Muzhikyan">Arman Muzhikyan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makarov, Valery" sort="Makarov, Valery" uniqKey="Makarov V" first="Valery" last="Makarov">Valery Makarov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-vaccines-06-00074">Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., St. Petersburg 188663, Russia;<email>katelnikova.ae@doclinika.ru</email> (A.K.);<email>mancho1@yandex.ru</email> (A.M.);<email>makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email> (V.M.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sparrow, Erin Grace" sort="Sparrow, Erin Grace" uniqKey="Sparrow E" first="Erin Grace" last="Sparrow">Erin Grace Sparrow</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-vaccines-06-00074">World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;<email>sparrowe@who.int</email> (E.G.S.);<email>torellig@who.int</email> (G.T.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torelli, Guido" sort="Torelli, Guido" uniqKey="Torelli G" first="Guido" last="Torelli">Guido Torelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-vaccines-06-00074">World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;<email>sparrowe@who.int</email> (E.G.S.);<email>torellig@who.int</email> (G.T.)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Vaccines</title><idno type="eISSN">2076-393X</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza H7N9 virus is a potentially pandemic subtype to which most people are immunologically naïve. To be better prepared for the potential occurrence of an H7N9 pandemic, in 2017 the World Health Organization recommended developing candidate vaccine viruses from two new H7N9 viruses, A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (A/GD) and A/Hong Kong/125/2017 (A/HK). This report describes the development of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) candidates against A/GD and A/HK viruses and study of their safety and immunogenicity in the ferret model in order to choose the most promising one for a phase I clinical trial. The A/HK-based vaccine candidate (A/17/HK) was developed by classical reassortment in eggs. The A/GD-based vaccine candidate (A/17/GD) was generated by reverse genetics. Ferrets were vaccinated with two doses of LAIV or phosphate-buffered saline. Both H7N9 LAIVs tested were safe for ferrets, as shown by absence of clinical signs, and by virological and histological data; they were immunogenic after a single vaccination. These results provide a compelling argument for further testing of these vaccines in volunteers. Since the A/HK virus represents the cluster that has caused the majority of human cases, and because the A/HK-based LAIV candidate was developed by classical reassortment, this is the preferred candidate for a phase I clinical trial.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kluska, V" uniqKey="Kluska V">V. Kluska</name></author><author><name sortKey="Macku, M" uniqKey="Macku M">M. Macku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mensik, J" uniqKey="Mensik J">J. Mensik</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Widdowson, M A" uniqKey="Widdowson M">M.-A. Widdowson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bresee, J S" uniqKey="Bresee J">J.S. Bresee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jernigan, D B" uniqKey="Jernigan D">D.B. 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